{"id":2471,"date":"2024-02-13T16:23:55","date_gmt":"2024-02-13T15:23:55","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/forte-cultura.com\/?page_id=2471"},"modified":"2024-02-14T11:04:48","modified_gmt":"2024-02-14T10:04:48","slug":"architekci-twierdzy","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/forte-cultura.com\/pl\/evolution-des-festungsbaus-von-bastionen-zu-bunkern\/festungsarchitekten\/","title":{"rendered":"Architekci twierdzy"},"content":{"rendered":"<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading has-custom-farbe-1-color has-text-color has-link-color eplus-wrapper wp-elements-e1fc30fa17fded06cea64125288edff0\">S\u0142ynni mistrzowie budowy historycznych fortyfikacji<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"eplus-wrapper wp-block-paragraph\">Fascynacja emanuj\u0105ca z zabytk\u00f3w fortecznych automatycznie przenosi si\u0119 na ich tw\u00f3rc\u00f3w, in\u017cynier\u00f3w-architekt\u00f3w. Dzi\u0119ki ich innowacyjnemu podej\u015bciu, niekt\u00f3rzy z nich stali si\u0119 prawdziwymi gwiazdami architektury swoich czas\u00f3w, kt\u00f3rych metody (maniery) konstrukcyjne by\u0142y na\u015bladowane w ca\u0142ej Europie, a ich traktaty sta\u0142y si\u0119 standardowymi dzie\u0142ami w Europie.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"eplus-wrapper wp-block-paragraph\">Poznaj jednych z najbardziej barwnych budowniczych fortec dzi\u0119ki FORTE CULTURA.<\/p>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-columns eplus-wrapper is-layout-flex wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-4b2abd9c wp-block-columns-is-layout-flex eplus-styles-uid-e1582a\" style=\"padding-right:0;padding-left:0\"><div class=\"wp-block-column has-background eplus-wrapper is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow eplus-styles-uid-a21fda\" style=\"background-color:#eeeeee;padding-top:var(--wp--preset--spacing--10);padding-right:var(--wp--preset--spacing--10);padding-bottom:var(--wp--preset--spacing--10);padding-left:var(--wp--preset--spacing--10)\"><div class=\"wp-block-media-text is-vertically-aligned-top eplus-wrapper eplus-styles-uid-4be624\" style=\"grid-template-columns:30% auto\"><figure class=\"wp-block-media-text__media\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"205\" height=\"320\" src=\"https:\/\/forte-cultura.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/vauban.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-2475 size-full\" srcset=\"https:\/\/forte-cultura.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/vauban.jpg 205w, https:\/\/forte-cultura.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/vauban-192x300.jpg 192w, https:\/\/forte-cultura.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/vauban-8x12.jpg 8w, https:\/\/forte-cultura.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/vauban-200x312.jpg 200w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 205px) 100vw, 205px\" \/><\/figure><div class=\"wp-block-media-text__content\">\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading eplus-wrapper\" style=\"margin-top:var(--wp--preset--spacing--10);margin-bottom:var(--wp--preset--spacing--10);font-size:clamp(0.875em, 0.875rem + ((1vw - 0.2em) * 0.708), 1.3em);\"><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/forte-cultura.com\/sebastien-le-prestre-de-vauban-1633-1707\/\" data-type=\"post\" data-id=\"2474\">S\u00e9bastien le Prestre de Vauban<\/a><\/strong><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"eplus-wrapper wp-block-paragraph\">(1633 - 1707)<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"eplus-wrapper wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"font-size:clamp(0.875em, 0.875rem + ((1vw - 0.2em) * 0.042), 0.9em);line-height:1.3\">\"Ing\u00e9nieur de France\", francuski genera\u0142, mistrz budowy twierdz Ludwika XIV i marsza\u0142ek Francji.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-small-font-size eplus-wrapper wp-block-paragraph\"><a href=\"https:\/\/forte-cultura.com\/sebastien-le-prestre-de-vauban-1633-1707\/\" data-type=\"post\" data-id=\"2474\">CZYTAJ WI\u0118CEJ<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div>\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-column has-background eplus-wrapper is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow eplus-styles-uid-39568b\" style=\"background-color:#eeeeee;padding-top:var(--wp--preset--spacing--10);padding-right:var(--wp--preset--spacing--10);padding-bottom:var(--wp--preset--spacing--10);padding-left:var(--wp--preset--spacing--10)\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-media-text is-vertically-aligned-top eplus-wrapper\" style=\"grid-template-columns:30% auto\"><figure class=\"wp-block-media-text__media\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"271\" height=\"311\" src=\"https:\/\/forte-cultura.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/Portrait-blanko.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-2485 size-full\" srcset=\"https:\/\/forte-cultura.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/Portrait-blanko.jpg 271w, https:\/\/forte-cultura.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/Portrait-blanko-261x300.jpg 261w, https:\/\/forte-cultura.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/Portrait-blanko-10x12.jpg 10w, https:\/\/forte-cultura.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/Portrait-blanko-200x230.jpg 200w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 271px) 100vw, 271px\" \/><\/figure><div class=\"wp-block-media-text__content\">\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading eplus-wrapper\" style=\"font-size:clamp(0.875em, 0.875rem + ((1vw - 0.2em) * 0.708), 1.3em);\"><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/forte-cultura.com\/johann-maximilian-von-welsch-1671-1745\/\" data-type=\"post\" data-id=\"2484\">Johann Maximilian von Welsch<\/a> <\/strong><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"eplus-wrapper wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"font-size:clamp(0.875em, 0.875rem + ((1vw - 0.2em) * 0.208), 1em);\">(1671 - 1745)<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"eplus-wrapper wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"margin-top:0;margin-bottom:0;font-size:clamp(0.875em, 0.875rem + ((1vw - 0.2em) * 0.042), 0.9em);line-height:1.3\">Architekt i budowniczy twierdz Elektorat Moguncji i Bambergu G\u0142\u00f3wny dyrektor budowlany<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-small-font-size eplus-wrapper wp-block-paragraph\"><a href=\"https:\/\/forte-cultura.com\/johann-maximilian-von-welsch-1671-1745\/\" data-type=\"post\" data-id=\"2484\">CZYTAJ WI\u0118CEJ<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div><\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-column has-background eplus-wrapper is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow eplus-styles-uid-39568b\" style=\"background-color:#eeeeee;padding-top:var(--wp--preset--spacing--10);padding-right:var(--wp--preset--spacing--10);padding-bottom:var(--wp--preset--spacing--10);padding-left:var(--wp--preset--spacing--10)\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-media-text is-vertically-aligned-top eplus-wrapper\" style=\"grid-template-columns:30% auto\"><figure class=\"wp-block-media-text__media\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"512\" height=\"641\" src=\"https:\/\/forte-cultura.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/Menno_Baron_van_Coehoorn_after_Caspar_Netscher.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-2491 size-full\" srcset=\"https:\/\/forte-cultura.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/Menno_Baron_van_Coehoorn_after_Caspar_Netscher.jpg 512w, https:\/\/forte-cultura.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/Menno_Baron_van_Coehoorn_after_Caspar_Netscher-240x300.jpg 240w, https:\/\/forte-cultura.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/Menno_Baron_van_Coehoorn_after_Caspar_Netscher-10x12.jpg 10w, https:\/\/forte-cultura.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/Menno_Baron_van_Coehoorn_after_Caspar_Netscher-200x250.jpg 200w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 512px) 100vw, 512px\" \/><\/figure><div class=\"wp-block-media-text__content\">\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading eplus-wrapper\" style=\"font-size:clamp(0.875em, 0.875rem + ((1vw - 0.2em) * 0.708), 1.3em);\"><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/forte-cultura.com\/menno-baron-van-coehoorn-1641-1704\/\" data-type=\"post\" data-id=\"2490\">Menno Baron van Coehoorn<\/a><\/strong><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"eplus-wrapper wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"font-size:clamp(0.875em, 0.875rem + ((1vw - 0.2em) * 0.208), 1em);\">(1641 - 1704) <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"eplus-wrapper wp-block-paragraph translation-block\" style=\"margin-top:0;margin-bottom:0;font-size:clamp(0.875em, 0.875rem + ((1vw - 0.2em) * 0.042), 0.9em);line-height:1.3\">Holenderski genera\u0142 artylerii, ekspert od fortec<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-small-font-size eplus-wrapper wp-block-paragraph\"><a href=\"https:\/\/forte-cultura.com\/menno-baron-van-coehoorn-1641-1704\/\" data-type=\"post\" data-id=\"2490\">CZYTAJ WI\u0118CEJ<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div><\/div>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-columns eplus-wrapper is-layout-flex wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-4b2abd9c wp-block-columns-is-layout-flex eplus-styles-uid-236d4e\" style=\"padding-right:0;padding-left:0\"><div class=\"wp-block-column has-background eplus-wrapper is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow eplus-styles-uid-a21fda\" style=\"background-color:#eeeeee;padding-top:var(--wp--preset--spacing--10);padding-right:var(--wp--preset--spacing--10);padding-bottom:var(--wp--preset--spacing--10);padding-left:var(--wp--preset--spacing--10)\"><div class=\"wp-block-media-text is-vertically-aligned-top eplus-wrapper eplus-styles-uid-4be624\" style=\"grid-template-columns:30% auto\"><figure class=\"wp-block-media-text__media\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"220\" height=\"297\" src=\"https:\/\/forte-cultura.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/sanmicheli.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-2564 size-full\" srcset=\"https:\/\/forte-cultura.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/sanmicheli.jpg 220w, https:\/\/forte-cultura.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/sanmicheli-9x12.jpg 9w, https:\/\/forte-cultura.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/sanmicheli-200x270.jpg 200w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 220px) 100vw, 220px\" \/><\/figure><div class=\"wp-block-media-text__content\">\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading eplus-wrapper\" style=\"margin-top:var(--wp--preset--spacing--10);margin-bottom:var(--wp--preset--spacing--10);font-size:clamp(0.875em, 0.875rem + ((1vw - 0.2em) * 0.708), 1.3em);\"><a href=\"https:\/\/forte-cultura.com\/michele-sanmicheli-1484-1559\/\" data-type=\"post\" data-id=\"2563\"><strong>Michele Sanmicheli<\/strong><\/a><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"eplus-wrapper wp-block-paragraph\">(1484 - 1559)<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"eplus-wrapper wp-block-paragraph translation-block\" style=\"font-size:clamp(0.875em, 0.875rem + ((1vw - 0.2em) * 0.042), 0.9em);line-height:1.3\">W\u0142oski architekt twierdz<br>Tw\u00f3rca nowoczesnej konstrukcji twierdzy bastionowej ery nowo\u017cytnej<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-small-font-size eplus-wrapper wp-block-paragraph\"><a href=\"https:\/\/forte-cultura.com\/michele-sanmicheli-1484-1559\/\" data-type=\"post\" data-id=\"2563\">CZYTAJ WI\u0118CEJ<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div>\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-column has-background eplus-wrapper is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow eplus-styles-uid-39568b\" style=\"background-color:#eeeeee;padding-top:var(--wp--preset--spacing--10);padding-right:var(--wp--preset--spacing--10);padding-bottom:var(--wp--preset--spacing--10);padding-left:var(--wp--preset--spacing--10)\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-media-text is-vertically-aligned-top eplus-wrapper\" style=\"grid-template-columns:30% auto\"><figure class=\"wp-block-media-text__media\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"298\" height=\"377\" src=\"https:\/\/forte-cultura.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/Marquis_de_verboom.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-2561 size-full\" srcset=\"https:\/\/forte-cultura.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/Marquis_de_verboom.jpg 298w, https:\/\/forte-cultura.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/Marquis_de_verboom-237x300.jpg 237w, https:\/\/forte-cultura.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/Marquis_de_verboom-9x12.jpg 9w, https:\/\/forte-cultura.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/Marquis_de_verboom-200x253.jpg 200w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 298px) 100vw, 298px\" \/><\/figure><div class=\"wp-block-media-text__content\">\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading eplus-wrapper\" style=\"font-size:clamp(0.875em, 0.875rem + ((1vw - 0.2em) * 0.708), 1.3em);\"><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/forte-cultura.com\/george-prosper-de-verboom-1665-1744\/\" data-type=\"post\" data-id=\"2560\">George Prosper de Verboom<\/a><\/strong><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"eplus-wrapper wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"font-size:clamp(0.875em, 0.875rem + ((1vw - 0.2em) * 0.208), 1em);\">(1665 - 1744)<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"eplus-wrapper wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"margin-top:0;margin-bottom:0;font-size:clamp(0.875em, 0.875rem + ((1vw - 0.2em) * 0.042), 0.9em);line-height:1.3\">In\u017cynier generalny Kr\u00f3lewskiej Armii Hiszpa\u0144skiej<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-small-font-size eplus-wrapper wp-block-paragraph\"><a href=\"https:\/\/forte-cultura.com\/george-prosper-de-verboom-1665-1744\/\" data-type=\"post\" data-id=\"2560\">CZYTAJ WI\u0118CEJ<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div><\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-column has-background eplus-wrapper is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow eplus-styles-uid-39568b\" style=\"background-color:#eeeeee;padding-top:var(--wp--preset--spacing--10);padding-right:var(--wp--preset--spacing--10);padding-bottom:var(--wp--preset--spacing--10);padding-left:var(--wp--preset--spacing--10)\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-media-text is-vertically-aligned-top eplus-wrapper\" style=\"grid-template-columns:30% auto\"><figure class=\"wp-block-media-text__media\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"224\" height=\"300\" src=\"https:\/\/forte-cultura.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/antonio.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-2571 size-full\" srcset=\"https:\/\/forte-cultura.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/antonio.jpg 224w, https:\/\/forte-cultura.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/antonio-9x12.jpg 9w, https:\/\/forte-cultura.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/antonio-200x268.jpg 200w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 224px) 100vw, 224px\" \/><\/figure><div class=\"wp-block-media-text__content\">\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading eplus-wrapper\" style=\"font-size:clamp(0.875em, 0.875rem + ((1vw - 0.2em) * 0.708), 1.3em);\"><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/forte-cultura.com\/antonio-da-sangallo-d-j-1484-1546\/\" data-type=\"post\" data-id=\"2570\">Antonio da Sangallo M\u0142odszy<\/a><\/strong><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"eplus-wrapper wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"font-size:clamp(0.875em, 0.875rem + ((1vw - 0.2em) * 0.208), 1em);\">(1484 - 1546)<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"eplus-wrapper wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"margin-top:0;margin-bottom:0;font-size:clamp(0.875em, 0.875rem + ((1vw - 0.2em) * 0.042), 0.9em);line-height:1.3\"><br>W\u0142oski architekt i budowniczy twierdz renesansowych<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-small-font-size eplus-wrapper wp-block-paragraph\"><a href=\"https:\/\/forte-cultura.com\/antonio-da-sangallo-d-j-1484-1546\/\" data-type=\"post\" data-id=\"2570\">CZYTAJ WI\u0118CEJ<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div><\/div>\n<\/div><\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Ber\u00fchmte Baumeister des historischen Festungsbaus Die von Festungsmonumenten ausgehende Faszination \u00fcbertr\u00e4gt sich automatisch auch auf deren Sch\u00f6pfer, die Ingenieurarchitekten. Einige von ihnen avancierten dank ihrer innovativen Ans\u00e4tze zu regelrechten Stararchitekten [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":2472,"parent":1262,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"editor_plus_copied_stylings":"{}","pgc_sgb_lightbox_settings":"","_price":"","_stock":"","_tribe_ticket_header":"","_tribe_default_ticket_provider":"","_tribe_ticket_capacity":"0","_ticket_start_date":"","_ticket_end_date":"","_tribe_ticket_show_description":"","_tribe_ticket_show_not_going":false,"_tribe_ticket_use_global_stock":"","_tribe_ticket_global_stock_level":"","_global_stock_mode":"","_global_stock_cap":"","_tribe_rsvp_for_event":"","_tribe_ticket_going_count":"","_tribe_ticket_not_going_count":"","_tribe_tickets_list":"[]","_tribe_ticket_has_attendee_info_fields":false,"_EventAllDay":false,"_EventTimezone":"","_EventStartDate":"","_EventEndDate":"","_EventStartDateUTC":"","_EventEndDateUTC":"","_EventShowMap":false,"_EventShowMapLink":false,"_EventURL":"","_EventCost":"","_EventCostDescription":"","_EventCurrencySymbol":"","_EventCurrencyCode":"","_EventCurrencyPosition":"","_EventDateTimeSeparator":"","_EventTimeRangeSeparator":"","_EventOrganizerID":[],"_EventVenueID":[],"_OrganizerEmail":"","_OrganizerPhone":"","_OrganizerWebsite":"","_VenueAddress":"","_VenueCity":"","_VenueCountry":"","_VenueProvince":"","_VenueState":"","_VenueZip":"","_VenuePhone":"","_VenueURL":"","_VenueStateProvince":"","_VenueLat":"","_VenueLng":"","_VenueShowMap":false,"_VenueShowMapLink":false,"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-2471","page","type-page","status-publish","has-post-thumbnail","hentry"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/forte-cultura.com\/pl\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/2471","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/forte-cultura.com\/pl\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/forte-cultura.com\/pl\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/forte-cultura.com\/pl\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/forte-cultura.com\/pl\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=2471"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/forte-cultura.com\/pl\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/2471\/revisions"}],"up":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/forte-cultura.com\/pl\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/1262"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/forte-cultura.com\/pl\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/2472"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/forte-cultura.com\/pl\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=2471"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}