{"id":1900,"date":"2024-01-24T08:58:10","date_gmt":"2024-01-24T07:58:10","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/forte-cultura.com\/?page_id=1900"},"modified":"2026-03-08T10:47:25","modified_gmt":"2026-03-08T09:47:25","slug":"bunkier","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/forte-cultura.com\/pl\/kulturerbe-festungsmonumente\/geschichte-des-festungsbaus\/festungen-des-20-jahrhunderts\/bunker\/","title":{"rendered":"Bunkry z czas\u00f3w pierwszej i drugiej wojny \u015bwiatowej"},"content":{"rendered":"

Ukryta architektura fortyfikacyjna XX wieku<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n
\n
\n
\"\"<\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n
\n

Silnie ufortyfikowany schron lub kompleks pomieszcze\u0144 o konstrukcji \u017celbetowej, zbudowany pod ziemi\u0105 jako g\u0142\u0119boki bunkier.
Przyk\u0142adowe zdj\u0119cie na ok\u0142adce: Fort Schoenenbourg, Linia Maginota, Alzacja (FR)<\/em><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n

<\/div>\n\n\n\n

Budynki bunkr\u00f3w z I i II wojny \u015bwiatowej<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

Budowa bunkr\u00f3w rozwin\u0119\u0142a si\u0119 gwa\u0142townie w trakcie pierwszej wojny \u015bwiatowej. Ogromna si\u0142a penetracji broni poci\u0105gn\u0119\u0142a za sob\u0105 wzmocnienie \u015bcian i strop\u00f3w budynk\u00f3w. Jednak nawet stropy o grubo\u015bci do 10 metr\u00f3w nie zapewnia\u0142y ca\u0142kowitej ochrony. Tylko najdoskonalszy mo\u017cliwy kamufla\u017c m\u00f3g\u0142 zagwarantowa\u0107 pewien stopie\u0144 bezpiecze\u0144stwa.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

<\/p>\n\n\n

\n
\n

Bunkry i pozycje wojskowe<\/strong><\/h4>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n
\n
\"\"<\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n
\n
\"\"<\/figure>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n

Po ataku niemieckiego Wehrmachtu na wiele kraj\u00f3w europejskich stopniowo budowano r\u00f3\u017cne bunkry. Z jednej strony by\u0142y to bunkry dow\u00f3dztwa wojskowego i budynki obronne, a z drugiej zabunkrowane kwatery - takie jak Wilczy Szaniec - dla kierownictwa politycznego i administracyjnego kraju.<\/p>\n\n\n

\n
\n

Cywilne schrony przeciwlotnicze<\/strong><\/h4>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n
\n
\"\"<\/figure>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n

Ataki alianckich si\u0142 powietrznych na Niemcy doprowadzi\u0142y do wdro\u017cenia jesieni\u0105 1940 r. tzw. programu awaryjnego F\u00fchrera, kt\u00f3ry obj\u0105\u0142 prawie 60 miast licz\u0105cych ponad 100 000 mieszka\u0144c\u00f3w. W ramach tego programu zbudowano ponad 3000 bunkr\u00f3w dla ludno\u015bci cywilnej w ca\u0142ych Niemczech na obszarach szczeg\u00f3lnie dotkni\u0119tych nalotami.<\/p>\n\n\n

\n
\n

Bunkier zbrojowni<\/strong><\/strong><\/h4>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n
\n
\"\"<\/figure>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n

W trakcie II wojny \u015bwiatowej ogromne ilo\u015bci sprz\u0119tu wojskowego i zaopatrzenia by\u0142y niezb\u0119dne do istotnego uzupe\u0142nienia machiny wojennej. Atak aliant\u00f3w na niemiecki przemys\u0142 zbrojeniowy doprowadzi\u0142 nie tylko do decentralizacji produkcji zbrojeniowej, ale tak\u017ce do przeniesienia ca\u0142ych fabryk i zak\u0142ad\u00f3w pod ziemi\u0119 oraz do zabunkrowanych obiekt\u00f3w zbrojeniowych.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\n\n\n\n

Odkryj bunkry z czas\u00f3w pierwszej i drugiej wojny \u015bwiatowej z FORTE CULTURA<\/h4>\n\n\n
<\/div>
<\/div>
<\/div>
<\/div>
<\/div>
<\/div>
<\/div>
<\/div><\/div><\/div>
\"Sant'Oreste<\/a><\/div>

Sant'Oreste (IT)<\/a><\/h3><\/div><\/div><\/div>
\"Wycieczka<\/a><\/div>

Wycieczka rowerowa Westwall<\/a><\/h3><\/div><\/div><\/div>
\"Reimerswiller<\/a><\/div>

Reimerswiller (FR)<\/a><\/h3><\/div><\/div><\/div>
\"Griesheim-sur-Souffel<\/a><\/div>

Griesheim-sur-Souffel (FR)<\/a><\/h3><\/div><\/div><\/div>
\"Neuried<\/a><\/div>

Neuried Altenheim (DE)<\/a><\/h3><\/div><\/div><\/div>
\"Hornisgrinde<\/a><\/div>

Hornisgrinde (DE)<\/a><\/h3><\/div><\/div><\/div>
\"Kehl-Neum\u00fchl<\/a><\/div>

Kehl-Neum\u00fchl (DE)<\/a><\/h3><\/div><\/div><\/div>
\"Dettenheim-Ru\u00dfheim<\/a><\/div>

Dettenheim-Ru\u00dfheim (DE)<\/a><\/h3><\/div><\/div><\/div>
\"Schoenenbourg<\/a><\/div>

Schoenenbourg (FR)<\/a><\/h3><\/div><\/div><\/div>
\"Lembach<\/a><\/div>

Lembach (FR)<\/a><\/h3><\/div><\/div><\/div>
\"La<\/a><\/div>

La L\u00ednea de la Concepci\u00f3n (ES)<\/a><\/h3><\/div><\/div><\/div>
\"Haguenau<\/a><\/div>

Haguenau (FR)<\/a><\/h3><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div>
<\/div><\/div>\n\n\n
","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Versteckte Befestigungsarchitektur des 20. Jahrhunderts Stark befestigter Schutzraum oder Raumkomplex in Stahlbetonbauweise, unterirdisch als Tiefbunker ausgef\u00fchrt. Bsp. Titelbild: Fort Schoenenbourg, Maginot Linie Elsass (FR) Bunkerbauten des 1. und 2. Weltkrieges […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":1901,"parent":1892,"menu_order":1,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"editor_plus_copied_stylings":"{}","pgc_sgb_lightbox_settings":"","_price":"","_stock":"","_tribe_ticket_header":"","_tribe_default_ticket_provider":"","_tribe_ticket_capacity":"0","_ticket_start_date":"","_ticket_end_date":"","_tribe_ticket_show_description":"","_tribe_ticket_show_not_going":false,"_tribe_ticket_use_global_stock":"","_tribe_ticket_global_stock_level":"","_global_stock_mode":"","_global_stock_cap":"","_tribe_rsvp_for_event":"","_tribe_ticket_going_count":"","_tribe_ticket_not_going_count":"","_tribe_tickets_list":"[]","_tribe_ticket_has_attendee_info_fields":false,"_EventAllDay":false,"_EventTimezone":"","_EventStartDate":"","_EventEndDate":"","_EventStartDateUTC":"","_EventEndDateUTC":"","_EventShowMap":false,"_EventShowMapLink":false,"_EventURL":"","_EventCost":"","_EventCostDescription":"","_EventCurrencySymbol":"","_EventCurrencyCode":"","_EventCurrencyPosition":"","_EventDateTimeSeparator":"","_EventTimeRangeSeparator":"","_EventOrganizerID":[],"_EventVenueID":[],"_OrganizerEmail":"","_OrganizerPhone":"","_OrganizerWebsite":"","_VenueAddress":"","_VenueCity":"","_VenueCountry":"","_VenueProvince":"","_VenueState":"","_VenueZip":"","_VenuePhone":"","_VenueURL":"","_VenueStateProvince":"","_VenueLat":"","_VenueLng":"","_VenueShowMap":false,"_VenueShowMapLink":false,"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-1900","page","type-page","status-publish","has-post-thumbnail","hentry"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/forte-cultura.com\/pl\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/1900","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/forte-cultura.com\/pl\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/forte-cultura.com\/pl\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/forte-cultura.com\/pl\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/forte-cultura.com\/pl\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=1900"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/forte-cultura.com\/pl\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/1900\/revisions"}],"up":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/forte-cultura.com\/pl\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/1892"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/forte-cultura.com\/pl\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/1901"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/forte-cultura.com\/pl\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=1900"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}