{"id":1900,"date":"2024-01-24T08:58:10","date_gmt":"2024-01-24T07:58:10","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/forte-cultura.com\/?page_id=1900"},"modified":"2026-03-08T10:47:25","modified_gmt":"2026-03-08T09:47:25","slug":"bunker","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/forte-cultura.com\/fr\/kulturerbe-festungsmonumente\/geschichte-des-festungsbaus\/festungen-des-20-jahrhunderts\/bunker\/","title":{"rendered":"Les bunkers de la Premi\u00e8re et de la Seconde Guerre mondiale"},"content":{"rendered":"

Architecture fortifi\u00e9e cach\u00e9e du 20\u00e8me si\u00e8cle<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n
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Abri fortement fortifi\u00e9 ou ensemble de pi\u00e8ces en b\u00e9ton arm\u00e9, construit sous terre comme un bunker enterr\u00e9
Ex. photo de couverture : Fort Schoenenbourg, Ligne Maginot Alsace (FR)<\/em><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n

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La construction de bunkers pendant la premi\u00e8re et la seconde guerre mondiale<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

La construction de bunkers s'est d\u00e9velopp\u00e9e rapidement pendant la Premi\u00e8re Guerre mondiale. Le renforcement des murs et des plafonds des bunkers s\u2019effectuait au fur et \u00e0 mesure du d\u00e9veloppement de l'\u00e9norme pouvoir de p\u00e9n\u00e9tration des armes. Pourtant, m\u00eame des plafonds d'une \u00e9paisseur de 10 m\u00e8tres n'offraient pas une protection absolue. Seul le camouflage le plus parfait possible offrait une certaine s\u00e9curit\u00e9.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

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Bunkers et positions militaires<\/strong><\/h4>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n
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Des diverses constructions de bunker sont r\u00e9alis\u00e9s apr\u00e8s l\u2019attaque de l\u2019arm\u00e9e allemande sur des nombreux pays d\u2019Europe. Des bunkers de guidage militaires et des constructions d\u00e9fensives \u00e0 un c\u00f4t\u00e9 et des quartiers b\u00e9tonn\u00e9s \u2013 comme la Wolfsschanze \u2013 pour la direction politique et administrative du pays.<\/p>\n\n\n

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Installations civiles antia\u00e9riennes<\/strong><\/h4>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n
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Les attaques des forces a\u00e9riennes alli\u00e9es contre l'Allemagne ont conduit, \u00e0 l'automne 1940, \u00e0 la mise en \u0153uvre du \"F\u00fchrersofortprogramm\" (programme du F\u00fchrer avec mise en \u0153uvre imm\u00e9diate), qui concernait pr\u00e8s de 60 villes de plus de 100 000 habitants. Dans le cadre de ce programme, plus de 3 000 bunkers ont \u00e9t\u00e9 construits pour la population civile dans les r\u00e9gions d'Allemagne particuli\u00e8rement touch\u00e9es par les raids a\u00e9riens.<\/p>\n\n\n

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Sites d'armement souterrains<\/strong><\/strong><\/h4>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n
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Pour conserver la machinerie de guerre, d'\u00e9normes quantit\u00e9s d'\u00e9quipements et de fournitures militaires \u00e9taient n\u00e9cessaires durant la Seconde Guerre mondiale. L'attaque des Alli\u00e9s contre l'industrie allemande de l'armement n'a pas seulement conduit \u00e0 une d\u00e9centralisation de la production d'armement, mais aussi \u00e0 la d\u00e9localisation d'usines et de fabriques enti\u00e8res vers des sites d'armement souterrains et bunk\u00e9ris\u00e9s.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

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D\u00e9couvrir les bunkers de la Premi\u00e8re et de la Seconde Guerre mondiale avec FORTE CULTURA<\/h4>\n\n\n
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\"Sant'Oreste<\/a><\/div>

Sant'Oreste (IT)<\/a><\/h3><\/div><\/div><\/div>
\"Tour<\/a><\/div>

Tour \u00e0 v\u00e9lo du Westwall<\/a><\/h3><\/div><\/div><\/div>
\"Reimerswiller<\/a><\/div>

Reimerswiller (FR)<\/a><\/h3><\/div><\/div><\/div>
\"Griesheim-sur-Souffel<\/a><\/div>

Griesheim-sur-Souffel (FR)<\/a><\/h3><\/div><\/div><\/div>
\"Neuried<\/a><\/div>

Neuried Altenheim (DE)<\/a><\/h3><\/div><\/div><\/div>
\"Hornisgrinde<\/a><\/div>

Hornisgrinde (DE)<\/a><\/h3><\/div><\/div><\/div>
\"Kehl-Neum\u00fchl<\/a><\/div>

Kehl-Neum\u00fchl (DE)<\/a><\/h3><\/div><\/div><\/div>
\"Dettenheim-Ru\u00dfheim<\/a><\/div>

Dettenheim-Ru\u00dfheim (DE)<\/a><\/h3><\/div><\/div><\/div>
\"Schoenenbourg<\/a><\/div>

Schoenenbourg (FR)<\/a><\/h3><\/div><\/div><\/div>
\"Lembach<\/a><\/div>

Lembach (FR)<\/a><\/h3><\/div><\/div><\/div>
\"La<\/a><\/div>

La L\u00ednea de la Concepci\u00f3n (ES)<\/a><\/h3><\/div><\/div><\/div>
\"Haguenau<\/a><\/div>

Haguenau (FR)<\/a><\/h3><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div>
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","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Versteckte Befestigungsarchitektur des 20. Jahrhunderts Stark befestigter Schutzraum oder Raumkomplex in Stahlbetonbauweise, unterirdisch als Tiefbunker ausgef\u00fchrt. Bsp. Titelbild: Fort Schoenenbourg, Maginot Linie Elsass (FR) Bunkerbauten des 1. und 2. Weltkrieges […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":1901,"parent":1892,"menu_order":1,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"editor_plus_copied_stylings":"{}","pgc_sgb_lightbox_settings":"","_price":"","_stock":"","_tribe_ticket_header":"","_tribe_default_ticket_provider":"","_tribe_ticket_capacity":"0","_ticket_start_date":"","_ticket_end_date":"","_tribe_ticket_show_description":"","_tribe_ticket_show_not_going":false,"_tribe_ticket_use_global_stock":"","_tribe_ticket_global_stock_level":"","_global_stock_mode":"","_global_stock_cap":"","_tribe_rsvp_for_event":"","_tribe_ticket_going_count":"","_tribe_ticket_not_going_count":"","_tribe_tickets_list":"[]","_tribe_ticket_has_attendee_info_fields":false,"_EventAllDay":false,"_EventTimezone":"","_EventStartDate":"","_EventEndDate":"","_EventStartDateUTC":"","_EventEndDateUTC":"","_EventShowMap":false,"_EventShowMapLink":false,"_EventURL":"","_EventCost":"","_EventCostDescription":"","_EventCurrencySymbol":"","_EventCurrencyCode":"","_EventCurrencyPosition":"","_EventDateTimeSeparator":"","_EventTimeRangeSeparator":"","_EventOrganizerID":[],"_EventVenueID":[],"_OrganizerEmail":"","_OrganizerPhone":"","_OrganizerWebsite":"","_VenueAddress":"","_VenueCity":"","_VenueCountry":"","_VenueProvince":"","_VenueState":"","_VenueZip":"","_VenuePhone":"","_VenueURL":"","_VenueStateProvince":"","_VenueLat":"","_VenueLng":"","_VenueShowMap":false,"_VenueShowMapLink":false,"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-1900","page","type-page","status-publish","has-post-thumbnail","hentry"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/forte-cultura.com\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/1900","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/forte-cultura.com\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/forte-cultura.com\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/forte-cultura.com\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/forte-cultura.com\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=1900"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/forte-cultura.com\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/1900\/revisions"}],"up":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/forte-cultura.com\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/1892"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/forte-cultura.com\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/1901"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/forte-cultura.com\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=1900"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}