{"id":2471,"date":"2024-02-13T16:23:55","date_gmt":"2024-02-13T15:23:55","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/forte-cultura.com\/?page_id=2471"},"modified":"2024-02-14T11:04:48","modified_gmt":"2024-02-14T10:04:48","slug":"fortress-architects","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/forte-cultura.com\/en\/kulturerbe-festungsmonumente\/festungsarchitekten\/","title":{"rendered":"Fortress architects"},"content":{"rendered":"<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading has-custom-farbe-1-color has-text-color has-link-color eplus-wrapper wp-elements-e1fc30fa17fded06cea64125288edff0\">Famous master builders of historic fortifications<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"eplus-wrapper\">The fascination emanating from fortified monuments is automatically transferred to their creators, the engineer-architects. Thanks to their innovative approaches, some of them became real star architects of their time, whose construction methods (manners) were imitated throughout Europe and whose treatises became standard works in Europe.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"eplus-wrapper\">Get to know some of the most colourful fortress builders with FORTE CULTURA.<\/p>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-columns eplus-wrapper is-layout-flex wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-a26fa036 wp-block-columns-is-layout-flex eplus-styles-uid-e1582a\" style=\"padding-right:0;padding-left:0\"><div class=\"wp-block-column has-background eplus-wrapper is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow eplus-styles-uid-a21fda\" style=\"background-color:#eeeeee;padding-top:var(--wp--preset--spacing--10);padding-right:var(--wp--preset--spacing--10);padding-bottom:var(--wp--preset--spacing--10);padding-left:var(--wp--preset--spacing--10)\"><div class=\"wp-block-media-text is-vertically-aligned-top eplus-wrapper eplus-styles-uid-4be624\" style=\"grid-template-columns:30% auto\"><figure class=\"wp-block-media-text__media\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"205\" height=\"320\" src=\"https:\/\/forte-cultura.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/vauban.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-2475 size-full\" srcset=\"https:\/\/forte-cultura.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/vauban.jpg 205w, https:\/\/forte-cultura.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/vauban-192x300.jpg 192w, https:\/\/forte-cultura.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/vauban-8x12.jpg 8w, https:\/\/forte-cultura.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/vauban-200x312.jpg 200w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 205px) 100vw, 205px\" \/><\/figure><div class=\"wp-block-media-text__content\">\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading eplus-wrapper\" style=\"margin-top:var(--wp--preset--spacing--10);margin-bottom:var(--wp--preset--spacing--10);font-size:clamp(0.875em, 0.875rem + ((1vw - 0.2em) * 0.708), 1.3em);\"><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/forte-cultura.com\/sebastien-le-prestre-de-vauban-1633-1707\/\" data-type=\"post\" data-id=\"2474\">S\u00e9bastien le Prestre de Vauban<\/a><\/strong><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"eplus-wrapper\">(1633 - 1707)<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"eplus-wrapper\" style=\"font-size:clamp(0.875em, 0.875rem + ((1vw - 0.2em) * 0.042), 0.9em);line-height:1.3\">\"Ing\u00e9nieur de France\", French general, master fortress builder of Louis XIV and Marshal of France<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-small-font-size eplus-wrapper\"><a href=\"https:\/\/forte-cultura.com\/sebastien-le-prestre-de-vauban-1633-1707\/\" data-type=\"post\" data-id=\"2474\">READ MORE<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div>\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-column has-background eplus-wrapper is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow eplus-styles-uid-39568b\" style=\"background-color:#eeeeee;padding-top:var(--wp--preset--spacing--10);padding-right:var(--wp--preset--spacing--10);padding-bottom:var(--wp--preset--spacing--10);padding-left:var(--wp--preset--spacing--10)\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-media-text is-vertically-aligned-top eplus-wrapper\" style=\"grid-template-columns:30% auto\"><figure class=\"wp-block-media-text__media\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"271\" height=\"311\" src=\"https:\/\/forte-cultura.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/Portrait-blanko.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-2485 size-full\" srcset=\"https:\/\/forte-cultura.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/Portrait-blanko.jpg 271w, https:\/\/forte-cultura.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/Portrait-blanko-261x300.jpg 261w, https:\/\/forte-cultura.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/Portrait-blanko-10x12.jpg 10w, https:\/\/forte-cultura.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/Portrait-blanko-200x230.jpg 200w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 271px) 100vw, 271px\" \/><\/figure><div class=\"wp-block-media-text__content\">\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading eplus-wrapper\" style=\"font-size:clamp(0.875em, 0.875rem + ((1vw - 0.2em) * 0.708), 1.3em);\"><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/forte-cultura.com\/johann-maximilian-von-welsch-1671-1745\/\" data-type=\"post\" data-id=\"2484\">Johann Maximilian von Welsch<\/a> <\/strong><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"eplus-wrapper\" style=\"font-size:clamp(0.875em, 0.875rem + ((1vw - 0.2em) * 0.208), 1em);\">(1671 - 1745)<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"eplus-wrapper\" style=\"margin-top:0;margin-bottom:0;font-size:clamp(0.875em, 0.875rem + ((1vw - 0.2em) * 0.042), 0.9em);line-height:1.3\">Architecte et ma\u00eetre d'\u0153uvre de la forteresse Directeur g\u00e9n\u00e9ral des travaux de l'Electorat de Mayence et de Bamberg<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-small-font-size eplus-wrapper\"><a href=\"https:\/\/forte-cultura.com\/johann-maximilian-von-welsch-1671-1745\/\" data-type=\"post\" data-id=\"2484\">READ MORE<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div><\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-column has-background eplus-wrapper is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow eplus-styles-uid-39568b\" style=\"background-color:#eeeeee;padding-top:var(--wp--preset--spacing--10);padding-right:var(--wp--preset--spacing--10);padding-bottom:var(--wp--preset--spacing--10);padding-left:var(--wp--preset--spacing--10)\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-media-text is-vertically-aligned-top eplus-wrapper\" style=\"grid-template-columns:30% auto\"><figure class=\"wp-block-media-text__media\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"512\" height=\"641\" src=\"https:\/\/forte-cultura.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/Menno_Baron_van_Coehoorn_after_Caspar_Netscher.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-2491 size-full\" srcset=\"https:\/\/forte-cultura.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/Menno_Baron_van_Coehoorn_after_Caspar_Netscher.jpg 512w, https:\/\/forte-cultura.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/Menno_Baron_van_Coehoorn_after_Caspar_Netscher-240x300.jpg 240w, https:\/\/forte-cultura.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/Menno_Baron_van_Coehoorn_after_Caspar_Netscher-10x12.jpg 10w, https:\/\/forte-cultura.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/Menno_Baron_van_Coehoorn_after_Caspar_Netscher-200x250.jpg 200w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 512px) 100vw, 512px\" \/><\/figure><div class=\"wp-block-media-text__content\">\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading eplus-wrapper\" style=\"font-size:clamp(0.875em, 0.875rem + ((1vw - 0.2em) * 0.708), 1.3em);\"><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/forte-cultura.com\/menno-baron-van-coehoorn-1641-1704\/\" data-type=\"post\" data-id=\"2490\">Menno Baron van Coehoorn<\/a><\/strong><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"eplus-wrapper\" style=\"font-size:clamp(0.875em, 0.875rem + ((1vw - 0.2em) * 0.208), 1em);\">(1641 - 1704) <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"eplus-wrapper translation-block\" style=\"margin-top:0;margin-bottom:0;font-size:clamp(0.875em, 0.875rem + ((1vw - 0.2em) * 0.042), 0.9em);line-height:1.3\">Dutch artillery general, <br>fortress expert<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-small-font-size eplus-wrapper\"><a href=\"https:\/\/forte-cultura.com\/menno-baron-van-coehoorn-1641-1704\/\" data-type=\"post\" data-id=\"2490\">READ MORE<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div><\/div>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-columns eplus-wrapper is-layout-flex wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-a26fa036 wp-block-columns-is-layout-flex eplus-styles-uid-236d4e\" style=\"padding-right:0;padding-left:0\"><div class=\"wp-block-column has-background eplus-wrapper is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow eplus-styles-uid-a21fda\" style=\"background-color:#eeeeee;padding-top:var(--wp--preset--spacing--10);padding-right:var(--wp--preset--spacing--10);padding-bottom:var(--wp--preset--spacing--10);padding-left:var(--wp--preset--spacing--10)\"><div class=\"wp-block-media-text is-vertically-aligned-top eplus-wrapper eplus-styles-uid-4be624\" style=\"grid-template-columns:30% auto\"><figure class=\"wp-block-media-text__media\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"220\" height=\"297\" src=\"https:\/\/forte-cultura.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/sanmicheli.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-2564 size-full\" srcset=\"https:\/\/forte-cultura.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/sanmicheli.jpg 220w, https:\/\/forte-cultura.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/sanmicheli-9x12.jpg 9w, https:\/\/forte-cultura.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/sanmicheli-200x270.jpg 200w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 220px) 100vw, 220px\" \/><\/figure><div class=\"wp-block-media-text__content\">\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading eplus-wrapper\" style=\"margin-top:var(--wp--preset--spacing--10);margin-bottom:var(--wp--preset--spacing--10);font-size:clamp(0.875em, 0.875rem + ((1vw - 0.2em) * 0.708), 1.3em);\"><a href=\"https:\/\/forte-cultura.com\/michele-sanmicheli-1484-1559\/\" data-type=\"post\" data-id=\"2563\"><strong>Michele Sanmicheli<\/strong><\/a><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"eplus-wrapper\">(1484 - 1559)<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"eplus-wrapper translation-block\" style=\"font-size:clamp(0.875em, 0.875rem + ((1vw - 0.2em) * 0.042), 0.9em);line-height:1.3\">Italian fortress architect<br>Developer of the modern bastion fortress construction of the modern era<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-small-font-size eplus-wrapper\"><a href=\"https:\/\/forte-cultura.com\/michele-sanmicheli-1484-1559\/\" data-type=\"post\" data-id=\"2563\">READ MORE<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div>\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-column has-background eplus-wrapper is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow eplus-styles-uid-39568b\" style=\"background-color:#eeeeee;padding-top:var(--wp--preset--spacing--10);padding-right:var(--wp--preset--spacing--10);padding-bottom:var(--wp--preset--spacing--10);padding-left:var(--wp--preset--spacing--10)\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-media-text is-vertically-aligned-top eplus-wrapper\" style=\"grid-template-columns:30% auto\"><figure class=\"wp-block-media-text__media\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"298\" height=\"377\" src=\"https:\/\/forte-cultura.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/Marquis_de_verboom.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-2561 size-full\" srcset=\"https:\/\/forte-cultura.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/Marquis_de_verboom.jpg 298w, https:\/\/forte-cultura.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/Marquis_de_verboom-237x300.jpg 237w, https:\/\/forte-cultura.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/Marquis_de_verboom-9x12.jpg 9w, https:\/\/forte-cultura.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/Marquis_de_verboom-200x253.jpg 200w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 298px) 100vw, 298px\" \/><\/figure><div class=\"wp-block-media-text__content\">\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading eplus-wrapper\" style=\"font-size:clamp(0.875em, 0.875rem + ((1vw - 0.2em) * 0.708), 1.3em);\"><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/forte-cultura.com\/george-prosper-de-verboom-1665-1744\/\" data-type=\"post\" data-id=\"2560\">George Prosper de Verboom<\/a><\/strong><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"eplus-wrapper\" style=\"font-size:clamp(0.875em, 0.875rem + ((1vw - 0.2em) * 0.208), 1em);\">(1665 - 1744)<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"eplus-wrapper\" style=\"margin-top:0;margin-bottom:0;font-size:clamp(0.875em, 0.875rem + ((1vw - 0.2em) * 0.042), 0.9em);line-height:1.3\">General Engineer of the Royal Spanish Army<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-small-font-size eplus-wrapper\"><a href=\"https:\/\/forte-cultura.com\/george-prosper-de-verboom-1665-1744\/\" data-type=\"post\" data-id=\"2560\">READ MORE<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div><\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-column has-background eplus-wrapper is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow eplus-styles-uid-39568b\" style=\"background-color:#eeeeee;padding-top:var(--wp--preset--spacing--10);padding-right:var(--wp--preset--spacing--10);padding-bottom:var(--wp--preset--spacing--10);padding-left:var(--wp--preset--spacing--10)\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-media-text is-vertically-aligned-top eplus-wrapper\" style=\"grid-template-columns:30% auto\"><figure class=\"wp-block-media-text__media\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"224\" height=\"300\" src=\"https:\/\/forte-cultura.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/antonio.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-2571 size-full\" srcset=\"https:\/\/forte-cultura.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/antonio.jpg 224w, https:\/\/forte-cultura.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/antonio-9x12.jpg 9w, https:\/\/forte-cultura.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/antonio-200x268.jpg 200w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 224px) 100vw, 224px\" \/><\/figure><div class=\"wp-block-media-text__content\">\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading eplus-wrapper\" style=\"font-size:clamp(0.875em, 0.875rem + ((1vw - 0.2em) * 0.708), 1.3em);\"><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/forte-cultura.com\/antonio-da-sangallo-d-j-1484-1546\/\" data-type=\"post\" data-id=\"2570\">Antonio da Sangallo the Younger<\/a><\/strong><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"eplus-wrapper\" style=\"font-size:clamp(0.875em, 0.875rem + ((1vw - 0.2em) * 0.208), 1em);\">(1484 - 1546)<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"eplus-wrapper\" style=\"margin-top:0;margin-bottom:0;font-size:clamp(0.875em, 0.875rem + ((1vw - 0.2em) * 0.042), 0.9em);line-height:1.3\"><br>Italian architect and fortress builder of the Renaissance<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-small-font-size eplus-wrapper\"><a href=\"https:\/\/forte-cultura.com\/antonio-da-sangallo-d-j-1484-1546\/\" data-type=\"post\" data-id=\"2570\">READ MORE<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div><\/div>\n<\/div><\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Ber\u00fchmte Baumeister des historischen Festungsbaus Die von Festungsmonumenten ausgehende Faszination \u00fcbertr\u00e4gt sich automatisch auch auf deren Sch\u00f6pfer, die Ingenieurarchitekten. Einige von ihnen avancierten dank ihrer innovativen Ans\u00e4tze zu regelrechten Stararchitekten [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":2472,"parent":1262,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"editor_plus_copied_stylings":"{}","pgc_sgb_lightbox_settings":"","_price":"","_stock":"","_tribe_ticket_header":"","_tribe_default_ticket_provider":"","_tribe_ticket_capacity":"0","_ticket_start_date":"","_ticket_end_date":"","_tribe_ticket_show_description":"","_tribe_ticket_show_not_going":false,"_tribe_ticket_use_global_stock":"","_tribe_ticket_global_stock_level":"","_global_stock_mode":"","_global_stock_cap":"","_tribe_rsvp_for_event":"","_tribe_ticket_going_count":"","_tribe_ticket_not_going_count":"","_tribe_tickets_list":"[]","_tribe_ticket_has_attendee_info_fields":false,"_EventAllDay":false,"_EventTimezone":"","_EventStartDate":"","_EventEndDate":"","_EventStartDateUTC":"","_EventEndDateUTC":"","_EventShowMap":false,"_EventShowMapLink":false,"_EventURL":"","_EventCost":"","_EventCostDescription":"","_EventCurrencySymbol":"","_EventCurrencyCode":"","_EventCurrencyPosition":"","_EventDateTimeSeparator":"","_EventTimeRangeSeparator":"","_EventOrganizerID":[],"_EventVenueID":[],"_OrganizerEmail":"","_OrganizerPhone":"","_OrganizerWebsite":"","_VenueAddress":"","_VenueCity":"","_VenueCountry":"","_VenueProvince":"","_VenueState":"","_VenueZip":"","_VenuePhone":"","_VenueURL":"","_VenueStateProvince":"","_VenueLat":"","_VenueLng":"","_VenueShowMap":false,"_VenueShowMapLink":false,"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-2471","page","type-page","status-publish","has-post-thumbnail","hentry"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/forte-cultura.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/2471","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/forte-cultura.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/forte-cultura.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/forte-cultura.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/forte-cultura.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=2471"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/forte-cultura.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/2471\/revisions"}],"up":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/forte-cultura.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/1262"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/forte-cultura.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/2472"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/forte-cultura.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=2471"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}