{"id":2149,"date":"2024-01-25T16:13:26","date_gmt":"2024-01-25T15:13:26","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/forte-cultura.com\/?page_id=2149"},"modified":"2024-02-07T12:17:10","modified_gmt":"2024-02-07T11:17:10","slug":"defence-lines-2","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/forte-cultura.com\/en\/evolution-des-festungsbaus-von-bastionen-zu-bunkern\/geschichte-des-festungsbaus\/festungsbau-vom-15-19-jahrhundert\/verteidigungslinien\/","title":{"rendered":"Defence lines 15th-19th century."},"content":{"rendered":"<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading has-custom-farbe-1-color has-text-color has-link-color has-large-font-size eplus-wrapper wp-elements-6b64c6fe1b3548d8b5ac4ad033353558\"><strong>Bulwarks to secure regions<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-columns are-vertically-aligned-center is-not-stacked-on-mobile eplus-wrapper is-layout-flex wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-3a88641f wp-block-columns-is-layout-flex eplus-styles-uid-4dd30c\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-vertically-aligned-center eplus-wrapper is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\" style=\"flex-basis:10%\">\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full is-resized eplus-wrapper\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"96\" height=\"38\" src=\"https:\/\/forte-cultura.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/grenzlinien_mittel.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-1908\" style=\"width:60px;height:auto\" srcset=\"https:\/\/forte-cultura.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/grenzlinien_mittel.png 96w, https:\/\/forte-cultura.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/grenzlinien_mittel-18x7.png 18w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 96px) 100vw, 96px\" \/><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-vertically-aligned-center eplus-wrapper is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\" style=\"flex-basis:90%\">\n<p class=\"has-small-font-size eplus-wrapper wp-block-paragraph\">Long stretched lines of defence for the protection of bigger regions as border installation, line fortress or territory fortress.<br><em>Example cover picture: La L\u00ednea de la Concepci\u00f3n(ES)<\/em><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n<p class=\"eplus-wrapper wp-block-paragraph translation-block\">Border installations are provided with distinctive constructional reinforcements and defensive systems in order to hinder attackers and to defend the claimed territory.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"eplus-wrapper wp-block-paragraph\">The Roman Limes is classified as the ideal of high fortified border and defensive lines between hostile nations and religions. Today, this fascinating fortification with several museums and archeological sites belongs to the UNESCO World Heritage and to touristic attractions.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"eplus-wrapper wp-block-paragraph translation-block\">Line fortresses often consist of wide-spread but powerful fortress buildings which are connected with ramparts, ditches or walls.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"eplus-wrapper wp-block-paragraph translation-block\">With regard to the bastioned fortress construction, defensive lines were seldom used. One of the most interesting is the biggest European mountain fortress chain around Fenestrelle (Italy) which should hinder the old enemy France to invade Italy. After 22 years of construction and since 1750, a two-kilometre-long wall on the back of the mountain combines the three fortresses to a compact chain. The Alpine region with its valleys and passes was well suited for border fortifications, road blocks and customs facilities \u2013 so called Klausen (Austrian).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div style=\"height:20px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer eplus-wrapper\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading has-text-align-center has-custom-farbe-1-color has-text-color has-link-color eplus-wrapper wp-elements-a4c497ceca2dd81f0d40fddb490c5810\">Discover lines of defence with FORTE CULTURA<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"is-style-wide wp-block-separator aligncenter has-text-color has-custom-farbe-1-color has-alpha-channel-opacity has-custom-farbe-1-background-color has-background eplus-wrapper\"\/>\n\n\n<div  class=\"ultp-post-grid-block wp-block-ultimate-post-post-grid-1 ultp-block-8d7834\"><div class=\"ultp-block-wrapper\"><div class=\"ultp-loading\"><div class=\"ultp-loading-blocks\" style=\"width:100%;height:100%;\"><div style=\"left: 0;top: 0;animation-delay:0s;\"><\/div><div style=\"left: 21px;top: 0;animation-delay:0.125s;\"><\/div><div style=\"left: 42px;top: 0;animation-delay:0.25s;\"><\/div><div style=\"left: 0;top: 21px;animation-delay:0.875s;\"><\/div><div style=\"left: 42px;top: 21px;animation-delay:0.375s;\"><\/div><div style=\"left: 0;top: 42px;animation-delay:0.75s;\"><\/div><div style=\"left: 42px;top: 42px;animation-delay:0.625s;\"><\/div><div style=\"left: 21px;top: 42px;animation-delay:0.5s;\"><\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"ultp-block-items-wrap ultp-block-row ultp-pg1a-style1 ultp-grid1-responsive ultp-block-column-4 1 ultp-xs-column-1 ultp-layout1\"><div class=\"ultp-block-item post-id-887\"><div class=\"ultp-block-content-wrap\"><div class=\"ultp-block-image ultp-block-image-opacity\"><a href=\"https:\/\/forte-cultura.com\/en\/la-linea-de-la-concepcion-es\/\" ><img decoding=\"async\"  class=\"ultp-block-image-content\"  alt=\"La L\u00ednea de la Concepci\u00f3n (ES)\"  src=\"https:\/\/forte-cultura.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018_La-Linea-de-la-Concepcion1-870x570.jpg\" \/><\/a><\/div><div class=\"ultp-block-content\"><h3 class=\"ultp-block-title\"><a href=\"https:\/\/forte-cultura.com\/en\/la-linea-de-la-concepcion-es\/\" >La L\u00ednea de la Concepci\u00f3n (ES)<\/a><\/h3><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"pagination-block-html\" aria-hidden=\"true\" style=\"display: none;\"><\/div><\/div>\n\n\n<hr class=\"is-style-wide wp-block-separator aligncenter has-text-color has-custom-farbe-1-color has-alpha-channel-opacity has-custom-farbe-1-background-color has-background eplus-wrapper\"\/>\n\n\n<div id=\"travelersmap-container-6a38d009c56fd\" class=\"travelersmap-container\" style=\"z-index: 1; min-height: 10px; min-width:10px; height:600px;width:100%; max-width:1280px; max-height:500px; position:relative;\"><div style=\"position:absolute; z-index:-1;top: 50%;text-align: center;display: block;left: 50%;transform: translate(-50%,-50%);\">Travellers' Map is loading...<br>If you see this after your page is loaded completely, leafletJS files are missing.<\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div style=\"height:20px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer eplus-wrapper\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-medium-font-size eplus-wrapper wp-block-paragraph\"><a href=\"https:\/\/forte-cultura.com\/kulturerbe-festungsmonumente\/geschichte-des-festungsbaus\/festungsbau-vom-15-19-jahrhundert\/\">Fortress construction from the 15th to 19th century<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<div style=\"margin-top:0;margin-bottom:0;height:20px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer eplus-wrapper\"><\/div>\n\n\n<div id=\"mega-menu-wrap-max_mega_menu_2\" class=\"mega-menu-wrap\"><div class=\"mega-menu-toggle\"><div class=\"mega-toggle-blocks-left\"><\/div><div class=\"mega-toggle-blocks-center\"><\/div><div class=\"mega-toggle-blocks-right\"><div class='mega-toggle-block mega-menu-toggle-animated-block mega-toggle-block-0' 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href=\"https:\/\/forte-cultura.com\/en\/evolution-des-festungsbaus-von-bastionen-zu-bunkern\/geschichte-des-festungsbaus\/festungsbau-vom-15-19-jahrhundert\/befestigte-idealstadt\/\">Fortified ideal city<\/a><\/li><li class=\"mega-menu-item mega-menu-item-type-post_type mega-menu-item-object-page mega-menu-item-2113\" id=\"mega-menu-item-2113\"><a class=\"mega-menu-link\" href=\"https:\/\/forte-cultura.com\/en\/evolution-des-festungsbaus-von-bastionen-zu-bunkern\/geschichte-des-festungsbaus\/festungsbau-vom-15-19-jahrhundert\/zitadellen\/\">Citadels<\/a><\/li><li class=\"mega-menu-item mega-menu-item-type-post_type mega-menu-item-object-page mega-menu-item-2120\" id=\"mega-menu-item-2120\"><a class=\"mega-menu-link\" href=\"https:\/\/forte-cultura.com\/en\/evolution-des-festungsbaus-von-bastionen-zu-bunkern\/geschichte-des-festungsbaus\/festungsbau-vom-15-19-jahrhundert\/befestigte-burg\/\">Fortified castle<\/a><\/li><li class=\"mega-menu-item mega-menu-item-type-post_type mega-menu-item-object-page mega-menu-item-2148\" id=\"mega-menu-item-2148\"><a class=\"mega-menu-link\" href=\"https:\/\/forte-cultura.com\/en\/evolution-des-festungsbaus-von-bastionen-zu-bunkern\/geschichte-des-festungsbaus\/festungsbau-vom-15-19-jahrhundert\/befestigtes-schloss\/\">Fortified Palace<\/a><\/li><li class=\"mega-menu-item mega-menu-item-type-post_type mega-menu-item-object-page mega-menu-item-2147\" id=\"mega-menu-item-2147\"><a class=\"mega-menu-link\" href=\"https:\/\/forte-cultura.com\/en\/evolution-des-festungsbaus-von-bastionen-zu-bunkern\/geschichte-des-festungsbaus\/festungsbau-vom-15-19-jahrhundert\/grossfestungen\/\">Major fortress system<\/a><\/li><li class=\"mega-menu-item mega-menu-item-type-post_type mega-menu-item-object-page mega-menu-item-2154\" id=\"mega-menu-item-2154\"><a class=\"mega-menu-link\" href=\"https:\/\/forte-cultura.com\/en\/evolution-des-festungsbaus-von-bastionen-zu-bunkern\/geschichte-des-festungsbaus\/festungsbau-vom-15-19-jahrhundert\/verteidigungslinien\/\">Defence lines 15th-19th century.<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/div>\n\n\n<div style=\"height:20px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer eplus-wrapper\"><\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Bollwerke zur Sicherung von Regionen Lang gestreckte Verteidigungsanlage zur Sicherung gr\u00f6\u00dferer R\u00e4ume als Grenzanlage, Linienfestung oder Territorialfestung.Bsp. Titelbild: La L\u00ednea de la Concepci\u00f3n(ES) Grenzanlagen sind mit verschiedenen baulichen Verst\u00e4rkungen und [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":330,"parent":1963,"menu_order":9,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"editor_plus_copied_stylings":"{}","pgc_sgb_lightbox_settings":"","_price":"","_stock":"","_tribe_ticket_header":"","_tribe_default_ticket_provider":"","_tribe_ticket_capacity":"0","_ticket_start_date":"","_ticket_end_date":"","_tribe_ticket_show_description":"","_tribe_ticket_show_not_going":false,"_tribe_ticket_use_global_stock":"","_tribe_ticket_global_stock_level":"","_global_stock_mode":"","_global_stock_cap":"","_tribe_rsvp_for_event":"","_tribe_ticket_going_count":"","_tribe_ticket_not_going_count":"","_tribe_tickets_list":"[]","_tribe_ticket_has_attendee_info_fields":false,"_EventAllDay":false,"_EventTimezone":"","_EventStartDate":"","_EventEndDate":"","_EventStartDateUTC":"","_EventEndDateUTC":"","_EventShowMap":false,"_EventShowMapLink":false,"_EventURL":"","_EventCost":"","_EventCostDescription":"","_EventCurrencySymbol":"","_EventCurrencyCode":"","_EventCurrencyPosition":"","_EventDateTimeSeparator":"","_EventTimeRangeSeparator":"","_EventOrganizerID":[],"_EventVenueID":[],"_OrganizerEmail":"","_OrganizerPhone":"","_OrganizerWebsite":"","_VenueAddress":"","_VenueCity":"","_VenueCountry":"","_VenueProvince":"","_VenueState":"","_VenueZip":"","_VenuePhone":"","_VenueURL":"","_VenueStateProvince":"","_VenueLat":"","_VenueLng":"","_VenueShowMap":false,"_VenueShowMapLink":false,"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-2149","page","type-page","status-publish","has-post-thumbnail","hentry"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/forte-cultura.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/2149","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/forte-cultura.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/forte-cultura.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/forte-cultura.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/forte-cultura.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=2149"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/forte-cultura.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/2149\/revisions"}],"up":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/forte-cultura.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/1963"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/forte-cultura.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/330"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/forte-cultura.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=2149"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}