{"id":1900,"date":"2024-01-24T08:58:10","date_gmt":"2024-01-24T07:58:10","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/forte-cultura.com\/?page_id=1900"},"modified":"2026-03-08T10:47:25","modified_gmt":"2026-03-08T09:47:25","slug":"bunkr","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/forte-cultura.com\/cs\/evolution-des-festungsbaus-von-bastionen-zu-bunkern\/geschichte-des-festungsbaus\/festungen-des-20-jahrhunderts\/bunker\/","title":{"rendered":"Bunkry prvn\u00ed a druh\u00e9 sv\u011btov\u00e9 v\u00e1lky"},"content":{"rendered":"

Skryt\u00e1 fortifika\u010dn\u00ed architektura 20. stolet\u00ed<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n
\n
\n
\"\"<\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n
\n

Siln\u011b opevn\u011bn\u00fd kryt nebo komplex m\u00edstnost\u00ed v \u017eelezbetonov\u00e9m proveden\u00ed, postaven\u00fd pod zem\u00ed jako hloubkov\u00fd bunker.
Nap\u0159. tituln\u00ed obr\u00e1zek: Fort Schoenenbourg, Maginotova linie, Alsasko (FR)<\/em><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n

<\/div>\n\n\n\n

Bunkrov\u00e9 stavby 1. a 2. sv\u011btov\u00e9 v\u00e1lky<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

V\u00fdstavba bunkr\u016f se v pr\u016fb\u011bhu prvn\u00ed sv\u011btov\u00e9 v\u00e1lky rychle vyv\u00edjela. Obrovsk\u00e9 pronikav\u00e9 s\u00edle zbran\u00ed n\u00e1sledovalo zes\u00edlen\u00ed st\u011bn a strop\u016f staveb. Ale p\u0159esto ani a\u017e 10 metr\u016f tlust\u00e9 stropy nenab\u00edzely absolutn\u00ed ochranu. Pouze co mo\u017en\u00e1 nejdokonalej\u0161\u00ed kamufl\u00e1\u017e m\u011bla zaru\u010dit ur\u010ditou bezpe\u010dnost.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

<\/p>\n\n\n

\n
\n

Vojensk\u00e9 bunkry a pozice<\/strong><\/h4>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n
\n
\"\"<\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n
\n
\"\"<\/figure>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n

\u00datoku n\u011bmeck\u00e9ho Wehrmachtu na \u0159adu evropsk\u00fdch zem\u00ed n\u00e1sledovala postupn\u00e1 realizace r\u016fzn\u00fdch bunkrov\u00fdch staveb. Na jedn\u00e9 stran\u011b vojensk\u00e9 velitelsk\u00e9 bunkry a obrann\u00e9 stavby a na stran\u011b druh\u00e9 bunkrov\u00e1 \u010dtvrt \u2013 jako Vl\u010d\u00ed doup\u011b \u2013 pro politick\u00e9 a administrativn\u00ed veden\u00ed zem\u011b.<\/p>\n\n\n

\n
\n

civiln\u00ed protileteck\u00e9 kryty<\/strong><\/h4>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n
\n
\"\"<\/figure>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n

\u00datoky spojeneck\u00fdch vzdu\u0161n\u00fdch sil na N\u011bmecko vedly na podzim roku 1940 k realizaci tzv. Hitlerova okam\u017eiteho programu (F\u00fchrersofortprogramm), kter\u00fd zahrnoval t\u00e9m\u011b\u0159 60 m\u011bst s v\u00edce ne\u017e 100 000 obyvateli. V r\u00e1mci tohoto programu bylo v oblastech cel\u00e9ho N\u011bmecka, kter\u00e9 byly obzvl\u00e1\u0161t\u011b zasa\u017eeny leteck\u00fdmi \u00fatoky, postaveno v\u00edce ne\u017e 3 000 bunkr\u016f pro civiln\u00ed obyvatelstvo.<\/p>\n\n\n

\n
\n

Zbrojn\u00ed bunker<\/strong><\/strong><\/h4>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n
\n
\"\"<\/figure>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n

Pro d\u016fle\u017eit\u00e9 z\u00e1sobov\u00e1n\u00ed v\u00e1le\u010dn\u00e9 ma\u0161inerie bylo v pr\u016fb\u011bhu druh\u00e9 sv\u011btov\u00e9 v\u00e1lky zapot\u0159eb\u00ed obrovsk\u00e9 mno\u017estv\u00ed vojensk\u00e9ho vybaven\u00ed a z\u00e1sob. V d\u016fsledku spojeneck\u00fdch \u00fatok\u016f na n\u011bmeck\u00fd zbrojn\u00ed pr\u016fmysl do\u0161lo nejen k decentralizaci zbrojn\u00ed v\u00fdroby, ale tak\u00e9 k p\u0159esunu cel\u00fdch z\u00e1vod\u016f a tov\u00e1ren do podzem\u00ed a do bunkrov\u00fdch zbrojn\u00edch za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\n\n\n\n

Objevte bunkry z prvn\u00ed a druh\u00e9 sv\u011btov\u00e9 v\u00e1lky s FORTE CULTURA<\/h4>\n\n\n
<\/div>
<\/div>
<\/div>
<\/div>
<\/div>
<\/div>
<\/div>
<\/div><\/div><\/div>
\"Sant'Oreste<\/a><\/div>

Sant'Oreste (IT)<\/a><\/h3><\/div><\/div><\/div>
\"Cyklostezka<\/a><\/div>

Cyklostezka Westwall<\/a><\/h3><\/div><\/div><\/div>
\"Reimerswiller<\/a><\/div>

Reimerswiller (FR)<\/a><\/h3><\/div><\/div><\/div>
\"Griesheim-sur-Souffel<\/a><\/div>

Griesheim-sur-Souffel (FR)<\/a><\/h3><\/div><\/div><\/div>
\"Neuried<\/a><\/div>

Neuried Altenheim (DE)<\/a><\/h3><\/div><\/div><\/div>
\"Hornisgrinde<\/a><\/div>

Hornisgrinde (DE)<\/a><\/h3><\/div><\/div><\/div>
\"Kehl-Neum\u00fchl<\/a><\/div>

Kehl-Neum\u00fchl (N\u011bmecko)<\/a><\/h3><\/div><\/div><\/div>
\"Dettenheim-Ru\u00dfheim<\/a><\/div>

Dettenheim-Ru\u00dfheim (N\u011bmecko)<\/a><\/h3><\/div><\/div><\/div>
\"Schoenenbourg<\/a><\/div>

Schoenenbourg (FR)<\/a><\/h3><\/div><\/div><\/div>
\"Lembach<\/a><\/div>

Lembach (FR)<\/a><\/h3><\/div><\/div><\/div>
\"La<\/a><\/div>

La L\u00ednea de la Concepci\u00f3n (ES)<\/a><\/h3><\/div><\/div><\/div>
\"Haguenau<\/a><\/div>

Haguenau (FR)<\/a><\/h3><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div>
<\/div><\/div>\n\n\n
","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Versteckte Befestigungsarchitektur des 20. Jahrhunderts Stark befestigter Schutzraum oder Raumkomplex in Stahlbetonbauweise, unterirdisch als Tiefbunker ausgef\u00fchrt. Bsp. Titelbild: Fort Schoenenbourg, Maginot Linie Elsass (FR) Bunkerbauten des 1. und 2. Weltkrieges […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":1901,"parent":1892,"menu_order":1,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"editor_plus_copied_stylings":"{}","pgc_sgb_lightbox_settings":"","_EventAllDay":false,"_EventTimezone":"","_EventStartDate":"","_EventEndDate":"","_EventStartDateUTC":"","_EventEndDateUTC":"","_EventShowMap":false,"_EventShowMapLink":false,"_EventURL":"","_EventCost":"","_EventCostDescription":"","_EventCurrencySymbol":"","_EventCurrencyCode":"","_EventCurrencyPosition":"","_EventDateTimeSeparator":"","_EventTimeRangeSeparator":"","_EventOrganizerID":[],"_EventVenueID":[],"_OrganizerEmail":"","_OrganizerPhone":"","_OrganizerWebsite":"","_VenueAddress":"","_VenueCity":"","_VenueCountry":"","_VenueProvince":"","_VenueState":"","_VenueZip":"","_VenuePhone":"","_VenueURL":"","_VenueStateProvince":"","_VenueLat":"","_VenueLng":"","_VenueShowMap":false,"_VenueShowMapLink":false,"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-1900","page","type-page","status-publish","has-post-thumbnail","hentry"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/forte-cultura.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/1900","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/forte-cultura.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/forte-cultura.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/forte-cultura.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/forte-cultura.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=1900"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/forte-cultura.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/1900\/revisions"}],"up":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/forte-cultura.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/1892"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/forte-cultura.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/1901"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/forte-cultura.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=1900"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}